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presentation[?pri:zen'tei?n]n。 提供;陈述;表演
例句 Although music and speech had frequently occurred in film presentations before the 1920s; there was a strong desire to add sound to the films。 尽管在20世纪20年代之前音乐和语言已经频频出现于电影中,但是为电影加上声音的愿望仍然很强烈。
prestige[pre'sti:?]n。 威望;声望;影响力
例句 1。 His success lent prestige to those artists who used photographs as models for paintings。 他的成功为那些用照片作为绘画模型的艺术家们带来了影响。
2。 No other colonial artisans rivaled the silversmiths' prestige。 殖民地其他的工匠都无法与银匠的声望匹敌。
同义 reputation(n。 声望)
prior['prai?r]a。 在…前的;优先的
例句 1。 This new voyage would have enabled humans to enter southern areas of the Americas prior to the melting of the continental glaciers。 这条新航线本来可以使人类在大陆冰川融化之前进入美国南部地区。
2。 Prior to this project; the development of these parks was very limited and funding meager。 在这个项目开展之前,这些公园的开发非常有限,资金也很缺乏。
同义 preceding(a。 在…前的)
pristine['pristi:n]a。 早期的;质朴的;新鲜而纯净的
例句 At one time it was thought that these matrix grains might be pristine nebular dust; the sort of stuff from which chondrules and inclusions were made。 这些矩阵颗粒曾一度被认为可能是早期星云的尘埃,即陨石球粒和它内在物质的组成物质。
probability[?prɑ:b?'bil?ti]n。 可能性;可能发生的事;概率
例句 The probability that the Third World War will occur is too small。 发生第三次世界大战的概率很小。
proceed[prou'si:d]v。 进行;发生;继续下去
例句 1。 He proceeded to teach himself geology and when he was twenty…four; he went to the company that was excavating the Somerset Coal Canal。 他继续研习地质学,在24岁的时候,他去了一家挖掘萨默赛特煤矿运河的公司。
2。 As proceeding toward the Southeast; broadleaf vegetation becomes dominant。 越往西南地区,阔叶植被越多。
profound[pr?'faund]a。 深远的;知识渊博的;深奥的
例句 1。 This technological shift caused profound changes in the complexity of German societies。 这项技术的转变给复杂的德国社会带来了深远的影响。
2。 The transition to settled life had a profound impact on the society。 向稳定生活的转变对社会有着深远的影响。
prolong[pr?'l?:?]v。 拉长,延长;拖延
例句 1。 Being resistant to the vicissitudes of ocean; the plankton can survive prolonged immersion in saltwater。 这种浮游生物可以抵御海洋的变化无常,因此可以长期浸泡在盐水之中。
2。 There is no drug that could prolong one's life。 没有什么药能使人延年益寿。
propose[pr?'pouz]v。 建议,提议;打算
例句 1。 Several solutions to the upcoming water supply crisis have been proposed; but none of them were adopted by the government。 面临即将到来的供水危机,提出的几条建议中没有一条被政府采纳。
2。 A number of schemes were proposed for sending numerous pictures and files via the Internet。 人们提出许多通过网络发送大量图片和文件的方案。
prosperous['prɑ:sp?r?s]a。 繁荣富强的,兴旺的
例句 Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new things and different technologies。 在西方国家和安定富强的中国历代王朝的贸易中,很多新鲜事物和不同的科技得到了引进。
raise[reiz]v。 举起;提升;增加;饲养;引起 n。 提升;增加
搭配 raise one's pay 涨工资
例句 In WWI; the United States raised an army because of the recruitment and Selective Service Act。 在第一次世界大战期间,由于新兵招募和《选征兵役法案》,美国组建了一支军队。
rapid['r?pid]a。 迅速的,快的
例句 The major effect was the rapid growth of the human population。 最主要的影响是快速增长的人口问题。
rational['r??n?l]a。 理性的,理智的;合理的
例句 Rational appeals in advertising aimed at children should certainly be limited until the children are ready in emotional and psychological aspects。 广告中针对孩子的理性诉求应该受到限制,直到他们在情感和心理方面成熟为止。
ravage['r?vi?]n。/v。 严重损坏;(尤指军队等)抢劫,掠夺
例句 As the ravages of the thirty years' war; textile production had to move into the countryside for further development。 由于30年战争的严重破坏,纺织业不得不为了长远发展而搬到农村。
readiness['redin?s]n。 敏捷,迅速;准备就绪
例句 By this means; the soldiers signal their readiness。 通过这种方式,士兵们互相示意他们已经准备就绪。
realm[relm]n。 国度;界,领域
例句 Several types of control united the Roman realm; just as cement held Roman walls together。 几种类型的管理制度使罗马帝国团结在一起,就像水泥构建了坚固的罗马城墙一样。
reasonable['ri:zn?bl]a。 合理的;有道理的;通情达理的
搭配 a reasonable excuse 合理的借口
例句 Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would be good for the local people; it is against much of the evidence。 尽管“殖民扩张对当地人民是有好处的”这一观点看似合理,但它有悖于大量的事实证据。
要点 虽然reasonable的词义很多,但是在阅读中最常见的含义是“合理的”,很少会用fair替代。也常常以副词reasonably的形式出现。
rebellion[ri'belj?n]n。 叛乱,反叛
例句 The military had to remain to suppress rebellion and organize government actively。 军队必须在继续镇压叛党的同时,积极组织政府。
rebound['ri:baund]n。 弹(跳)回;振作;(情绪)波动
例句 The causes of this population rebound are consequences of war and other human actions。 人口反弹是战争和其他人类活动的后果。
reclaim[ri'kleim]v。 收回;开垦(土地)
例句 Reclaimed land was suitable for long…term agricultural development。 开垦的土地适合长期的农业发展。
recruit[ri'kru:t]v。 招募(新兵),征募 n。 新成员
例句 1。 Newly raised regiments were normally transferred to another region from whence it was unlikely that recruits would return。 征来的新兵通常被送往其他省份,因此他们不太可能回到原来的地方。
2。 The Argentine ants can quickly recruit a huge army from their network of nests。 阿根廷蚂蚁能从其周边巢穴迅速募集到一大批蚁群。
同义 enlist(v。 征募)
reduction[ri'd?k?n]n。 减少;下降,降低
例句 All over Europe; the exceptional reduction in the population and the related fall in demand for grain since the beginning of the seventeenth century had caused the price of agricultural products to fall。 在全欧洲,从17世纪开始,因为人口的异常减少,对粮食的需求量也有所下降,从而造成农产品价格的下降。
regiment['re?im?nt]n。 团;大量 v。 严格地管制
例句 1。 Soldiers served in the regiments for many years and after retirement generally stayed at the place they had stationed。 在兵团服役许多年后,退役的士兵大多愿意生活在当初驻扎过的地方。
2。 After the earthquake; a whole regiment of volunteers rushed to the disaster…hit areas。 地震发生后,大批志愿者奔赴灾区。
regulate['regjuleit]v。 管理,控制;调整
例句 1。 Because trade was not formally regulated; merchants were careful when they conducted business with people from different countries。 因为没有正式的贸易管理制度,商人们在和其他国家的人开展业务时非常小心。
2。 They regulate their temperature by making a variety of internal adjustments。 它们通过各种体内调节来控制体温。
regulation[?regju'lei?n]n。 规章;管理;调整
例句 While trade among merchants relies on regulation to some extent; trade between countries becomes more smooth。 随着商人们在某种程度上依赖贸易规范法,国与国间的贸易顺畅了很多。
reign[rein]n。 统治,支配 v。 占优势;统治
搭配 reign over 统治
例句 1。 New recruits in these regiments reached its highest point during the reign of the emperor Hadrian。 在哈德良大帝统治时期,部队的新兵人数达到最高峰。
2。 One who wants to reign over the country is usually ambitious。 希望统治整个国家的人通常是雄心勃勃的。
reject[ri'?ekt]v。 拒绝,抵制;拒收
例句 1。 The new idea of integrated ecosystems has been largely rejected by modern ecologists。 现代生态学家们极力否认“综合生态系统”这一新观念。
2。 It reflects poetic techniques that were rejected by modern poets。 它反映了现代诗人不再采用的写作技巧。
同义 exclude(v。 抵制)
reliable[ri'lai?bl]a。 可靠的,可信赖的
例句 1。 Geologists believe that rock types could someday become reliable time markers。 地质学家们相信,某一天岩石类型会变成可靠的时间标记。
2。 The majority of companies are willing to look for employees who are reliable and hard working。 大部分公司愿意雇用勤劳可靠的员工。
同义 dependable; trustworthy(a。 可靠的,可信赖的)
reliance[ri'lai?ns]n。 依靠;可依靠的人(或物);信任
例句 Certain regions which had economic reliance on real estate saw the phenomenon of economy decline in recent years。 在一些依赖房地产为经济支柱的地区,近几年来出现了经济衰退的现象。
同义 dependence(n。 依靠)
relocate[?ri:'loukeit]v。 重新安置
例句 Because of a great deal of forage required; pastoralists must continually relocate。 由于需要大量的牧草,牧民们必须不断更换放牧的地方。
repression[ri'pre?n]n。 压制,镇压;压抑
例句 While such repression may occur; people easily forget ordinary events from the infant and toddler periods。 当生活中出现一些压抑情绪时,人们就会忘记从婴儿到幼儿时期的平常事。
restoration[?rest?'rei?n]n。 修复;修补(复);重建(物)
例句 1。 Spartina is mainly used for coastal restoration projects and the creation of new wetland sites。 大米草主要用于海岸修复工程和新湿地基地的建造。
2。 The common citizens in the country demand a restoration of the right to vote。 这个国家的普通民众要求恢复选举权。
revenue['rev?nu:]n。(尤指大宗的)收入;税收
搭配 financial revenue 财政收入
例句 1。 Revenue from petroleum was unevenly distributed; causing Middle Eastern societies to be characterized by growing distinctions in

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