֤ȯ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶ 1-µÚ33²¿·Ö
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
µ¼Ö²úȨµÄ·Ö¸î¡£Ò»¼¶¹ÉƱÊг¡Ê¹Í¶×ÊÕßͨ¹ý¹ºÂò¹ÉƱ£¬Ê×ÏÈÕ¼ÓлòÈ¡µÃ½ð
ÈÚ×ʲú£¬½èÒÔ¼ä½ÓÕ¼ÓÐÎïÖÊ×ʲú£¬ÒÔ»ñÈ¡¹ÉÏ¢¡¢ºìÀûµÈÊÕÒ棬ÐγɹÉƱËùÓÐ
Õß¹²Í¬µÄ¸´ºÏ²úȨ½á¹¹£¬´Ó¶øÒýÆð²úȨÖƶȷ½ÃæµÄÉî¿Ì±ä»¯¡£Óë¶þ¼¶Êг¡Ïà
Çø±ð£¬Ò»¼¶Êг¡Ê¹²úȨ·Ö¸îµÄ¸´ºÏÐÎʽµÃÒÔ²úÉú£»¶þ¼¶Êг¡Ôòʹ²úȨ¸´ºÏ²»
¶ÏÖØ×飬ʹµÃ²úȨµÄ¸´ºÏµÃÒÔ³ÖÐø¡£
4¡£Ö¤È¯·¢ÐÐÊг¡Ó뾼÷¢Õ¹*
֤ȯ·¢ÐÐÊг¡¶Ô¾¼ÃµÄÓ°Ïì¼°Æä±¾ÉíµÄÔË×÷ˮƽ£¬Ö÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚÒ»¼¶Êг¡
¶Ô´¢ÐîÏòͶ×Êת»¯µÄ´Ù½ø×÷Óá£Ö¤È¯·¢ÐÐÊг¡Ó뾼õÄÈ«ÃæÁªÏµ£¬¼¯ÖбíÏÖ
ÔÚÒýµ¼´¢Ðîת»¯ÎªÍ¶×Ê£¬Í¶×Ê´ø¶¯¾¼ÃÔö³¤ÕâÒ»¶¯Ì¬µÄ´«µ¼¹ý³ÌÖС£
´¢ÐîÊÇÖ¸¶ÔÏÖʱÏû·Ñ¹ý³ÌµÄÍƳ٣¬ÊÇÊÕÈëÓëÖ§³öµÄ²î¶î£¬¼´´¢Ðî=ÊÕÈëÖ§
³ö¡£ÒÔͶ×ÊΪĿµÄµÄ´¢ÐîÐÐΪ¾ßÓÐÖØÒªµÄ¾¼ÃÒâÒ塣ͨ¹ýͶ×Ê£¬ÏÐÉ¢µÄ×Ê
½ð³ÉΪÉú²ú×ʽð£¬Ò»¸ö¾¼ÃʵÌåµÄÉú²úÄÜÁ¦±ãµÃµ½Ñ¸ËÙÀ©´ó¡£´¢ÐîºÍͶ×ʵÄ
ÖØÒªÐÔ£¬Ö÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚÒÔÏÂÁ½·½Ãæ¡£
£¨1£©´¢ÐîºÍͶ×ʶԾ¼ÃÔö³¤Ç±ÔÚÁ¦µÄÓ°Ïì¡£ËäÈ»¾¼ÃÔö³¤ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸´ÔÓ
µÄÎÊÌ⣬Éæ¼°µ½Éç»á¡¢ÕþÖκ;¼Ã¸÷¸ö·½Ã棬µ«×îÖØÒªµÄÒòËØÖ®Ò»ÊÇͶ×Ê¡£
1970Ä꣬Î÷·½¾¼Ãѧ¼ÒÂóµÏÉ£¨A¡£Madison£©Ñ¡È¡¡¡
22¸ö·¢Õ¹Öйú¼Ò¡¡
1950Äê
ÖÁ¡¡
1965ÄêµÄͳ¼Æ×ÊÁÏ£¬²âËã³öÕâЩ¹ú¼ÒͶ×ÊÀ©ÕŶԾ¼ÃÔö³¤µÄ¹±Ï×Ϊ¡¡
55£¥£¬
Ôö¼ÓÁ˶ÔÌåÏÖм¼ÊõµÄ¹¤³§ºÍÉ豸ÒÔ¼°ÆäËûÀàÐ͵ÄͶ×Ê£¬³ÉΪ¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹µÄ»ù
´¡¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬Ã»Óд¢ÐͶ×ÊÊDz»¿ÉÄܵġ£
£¨2£©´¢ÐîºÍͶ×Ê×ÜÁ¿¶Ô¾¼ÃÎȶ¨ºÍÉÌҵѻ·µÄÓ°Ïì¡£´¢ÐîºÍͶ×ÊÔÚÊý
Á¿ÉϵÄƽºâÊÇÓ°Ïì¶ÌÆÚ¾¼ÃÎȶ¨µÄ»ù±¾ÒòËØ¡£´¢ÐîÓëͶ×ÊÔÚÊýÁ¿ºÍ½á¹¹ÉÏÊÇ
·ñƽºâ£¬Ö±½ÓÓ°ÏìÉú²úÓëÏû·ÑµÄƽºâ¡£¶Ô·¢Õ¹Öйú¼Ò¶øÑÔ£¬¾¼ÃÒªÆð·É£¬Òª
ʹһЩ¹Ø¼üµÄ²úÒµ²¿Ãŵõ½·¢Õ¹£¬¾Í±ØÐëΪÕâЩ²¿ÃųO´óÁ¿µÄ×ʽ𲢽øÐÐ
Ͷ×Ê¡£ÖøÃûµÄ¹þÂ޵¡¶àÂíģʽÈÏΪ£¬ÔÚ¾¼ÃÔö³¤µÄÆäËûÒòËØÒ»¶¨Ê±£¬Ö»ÓÐ
×ʱ¾»ýÀÛ²ÅÊÇ´Ù½ø¾¼ÃÔö³¤µÄÖÐÐÄ»·½Ú£¬¶øÔÚ×ʱ¾²ú³ö±ÈÂÊÒ»¶¨Ê±£¬Éç»á×Ü
´¢ÐîÂÊÔ½¸ß£¬Ôò¹úÃñÊÕÈëÔö³¤ÂÊÒ²¾ÍÔ½´ó¡£Óɴ˿ɼû£¬Éç»á×Ü´¢ÐîÂʵÄÌá¸ß
Ö±½ÓÓ°Ï쾼õÄÔö³¤¡£
£¨3£©¸ÅÀ¨µØ˵£¬Ö¤È¯·¢ÐÐÒ»¼¶Êг¡¶Ô¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹µÄ×÷Óã¬Ö÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚ£º
1£©´Ù½øÉç»áÏÐÉ¢×ʽðÏòͶ×ʵÄת»¯£¬Ôö¼Ó×ʽð×ÜÁ¿¡£Ò»¼¶Êг¡Îª³ï×Ê
ºÍͶ×ÊÌṩÁ˳¡Ëù£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ¹µÍ¨×ʽ𹩸øÕßÓëÐèÇóÕßµÄÁªÏµ£¬Ìá¸ß´¢ÐîÂÊ»ò
Ͷ×ÊÂÊ£¬¼Ó¿ì¾¼ÃÔö³¤Ëٶȡ£
2£©ÓÅ»¯Í¶×ʽṹºÍ²úÒµ½á¹¹¡£Í¶×ÊÕ߶ÔδÀ´Ó¯ÀûµÄ×·Çó£¬Ê¹µÃ֤ȯµÄ
·¢ÐÐÕß±ØÐëŬÁ¦ÌṩÊÕÒæÁ¼ºÃµÄ֤ȯ£¬ÖÚ¶àͶ×ÊÕßµÄÅжϣ¬Ê¹µÃͶ×ʾö²ßµÄ
׼ȷÐÔÌá¸ß£¬´Ó¶ø´ÙʹͶ×ʽṹµÃÒÔÓÅ»¯£¬½ø¶øÓÅ»¯²úÒµ½á¹¹¡£Ò»¼¶Êг¡Ê¹
µÃÕâÖÖ´«µ¼»úÖƹ¦ÄܽøÒ»²½¼ÓÇ¿¡£
¶þ¡¢Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù
1¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄ¶¨Òå
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇÒÀ¾Ý¹ú¼ÒÓйط¨ÂÉ£¬¾Õþ¸®Ö¤È¯Ö÷¹Ü»ú¹ØÅú×¼ÉèÁ¢µÄ֤ȯ
¼¯Öоº¼Û½»Ò×µÄÓÐÐγ¡Ëù¡£¸÷ÀàÓмÛ֤ȯ£¬·²·ûºÏ¹æ¶¨µÄ¶¼ÄÜÔÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù
¹ÒÅÆÉÏÊУ¬ÓÉ֤ȯ¾¼ÍÉ̽ø³¡ÂòÂô¡£ËüΪ֤ȯͶ×ÊÕßÌṩÁËÒ»¸öÎȶ¨µÄ¡¢¹«
¿ª½»Ò׵ĸßЧÂÊÊг¡¡£
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇ·¨ÈË£¬Ëü±¾Éí²¢²»²ÎÓë֤ȯÂòÂô£¬Ö»Ìṩ½»Ò׳¡ËùºÍ·þ
Îñ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²¼æÓйÜÀí֤ȯ½»Ò×µÄÖ°ÄÜ¡£
2¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄ·¢Õ¹*
֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù×÷Ϊһ¸öÀúÊ··¶³ë£¬ÊÇÉç»á»¯´óÉú²úºÍÊг¡¾¼ÃµÄ±ØÈ»²ú
Îï¡£ÔÚÔʼ×ʱ¾»ýÀÛʱÆÚ£¬ÓÉÓÚÖ»´æÔÚÉÙÁ¿¾ÓªÖ³ÃñµØóÒ׵Ĺɷݹ«Ë¾£¬Òò
´Ëµ±Ê±Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÄÚÖÜתµÄ¹ÉƱÓÐÏÞ¡£×ʱ¾Ö÷ÒåÖƶÈÈ·Á¢³õÆÚ£¬¹É·Ý¹«Ë¾ÉÐ
δ¹ã·ºÁ÷ÐУ¬ËùÒÔËäȻ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù»ñµÃÁ˽øÒ»²½µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬µ«Ö±µ½¡¡
18ÊÀ¼Í¡¡
60
Äê´úÒÔÇ°£¬Æä×÷ÓÃԶδµÃµ½³ä·Ö·¢»Ó£¬½»Ò×ËùÄڵĽ»Ò×Ö÷ÒªÊǹú¼ÒµÄÓмÛÖ¤
ȯ¡£19ÊÀ¼ÍÄ©£¬¹É·Ý¹«Ë¾ÈçÓêºó´ºËñ°ã·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´£¬ÓмÛ֤ȯ·¢ÐÐÊýÁ¿¼±¾çÔö
¶à£»Í¬Ê±ÓÉÓÚ»õ±Ò×ʱ¾µÄѸËÙ»ýÀÛºÍʳÀû½×²ãµÄÔö¼Ó£¬¶ÔÓмÛ֤ȯµÄÐèÇóÒ²
Ô½À´Ô½´ó¡£ÓÚÊÇ£¬×ʱ¾Ö÷Òå¹É·Ý¹«Ë¾µÄ¹ÉƱ¾ÍÈ¡´úÁ˹ú¼Ò¹«Õ®ÔÚ½»Ò×ËùÖеÄ
µØ룬´Ó¶øʹ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù³ÉΪ½ðÈÚÊг¡ÉϾßÓоö¶¨ÒâÒåµÄÒòËØ¡£ÔÚµ±½ñÊÀ
½ç£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊǹú¼Ê½ðÈÚÊг¡µÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬Ö¤È¯Êг¡ÐÐÇéµÄ¿ñÕǺͱ©
µø¶¼»á¶Ô¸÷Ö÷Òª×ʱ¾Ö÷Òå¹ú¼Ò·¢ÉúÉî¿ÌÓ°Ïì¡£
±¾ÊÀ¼Í¡¡
30Äê´úÒÔºó£¬Êܹú¼Ò¸ÉÔ¤¾¼ÃµÈÒòËصÄÓ°Ï죬֤ȯÊг¡Í¨¹ý·¢
ÐÐ֤ȯ¶ø¾Û¼¯×ʽðµÄ¹¦ÄÜÊܵ½Ò»¶¨µÄÏ÷Èõ£¬Í¨¹ý֤ȯÖƶȿØÖƾ¼ÃÔËÐеŦ
Äܵõ½¼ÓÇ¿¡£Æä½á¹ûÊÇ£¬Ö¤È¯Êг¡µÄÖÐÐÄÓÉ·¢ÐÐÊг¡×ªÏòÁ÷ͨÊг¡¡£Óë´Ëͬ
ʱ£¬Õþ¸®Ö¤È¯Êг¡µÄ×÷Óú͹æÄ£ÔÚ²»¶ÏÀ©´ó¡£µÚ¶þ´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½ºó£¬Ö¤È¯Êг¡
µÄ½á¹¹·¢ÉúÁËÏÔÖø±ä»¯£¬ÆäÇ÷ÊÆÊÇÔ½À´Ô½¹ú¼Ê»¯¡£
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇÊг¡¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹µÄ±ØÈ»²úÎï¡£ËüµÄ²úÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹ÎªÖ¤È¯ÂòÂô´´
Á¢ÁËÒ»¸ö³£ÉèÊг¡£¬³ÉΪ¾Û¼¯Éç»á×ʽ𡢵÷½Ú×ʽðͶÏòºÍת»»µÄÖÐÐÄ¡£¸÷¹ú
¶Ô֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¶¼ÓбȽÏÑϸñµÄ¹æ¶¨£¬½»Ò×ËùµÄÉèÁ¢Ðë¾Õþ¸®Åú×¼£¬²¢Ó¦ÓÐÍê
±¸µÄ×éÖ¯Õ³̺͹ÜÀíϸÔò¡£½»Ò×ËùÓ¦ÔÚÖ¸¶¨µÄµØµã¹«¿ªÓªÒµ£¬¾ÓªÒµÎñÓ¦ÏÞ
ÓÚÕ³ÌËù¹æ¶¨µÄÒµÎñ·¶Î§£¬²»µÃÉÃ×Ô¾Óª·¶Î§Ö®ÍâµÄÒµÎñ£¬Ò»Çн»Ò×±ØÐëÔÚ
³¡ÄÚ¹«¿ª×÷¼Û³É½»£¬²¢Ã¿ÌìÏò¹Ë¿Í¹«²¼Ö¤È¯½»Ò×µÄÐÐÊС¢ÊýÁ¿µÈÐÅÏ¢¡£¹ÉƱ
Ò»¾ÔÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÉÏÊУ¬·¢ÐйÉƱµÄÆóÒµ±ã±»ÊÓΪһÁ÷ÆóÒµ£¬ÔÚÉç»áÉϾßÓÐ
½Ï¸ßµÄÐÅÓþ¡£
Ä¿Ç°£¬ÊÀ½çÉÏÖøÃûµÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÖ÷ÒªÓÐÃÀ¹úµÄŦԼ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¡¢Ó¢¹úµÄ
Â׶Ø֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¡¢ÈÕ±¾µÄ¶«¾©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù¡¢Ïã¸ÛµÄÁªºÏ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¡¢·¨¹úµÄ
°ÍÀè֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÈ¡£ÎÒ¹úÄ¿Ç°ÓÐÉϺ£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù¡¢ÉîÛÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÁ½¸ö½»Ò×
Ëù¡£
3¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄÌØÕ÷
×ۺϸ÷¹ú¹ØÓÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄÁ¢·¨¹æ¶¨£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¾ßÓÐÒÔÏÂÌØ
Õ÷¡£
£¨1£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù½öÒÔ֤ȯ×÷Ϊ½»Ò׶ÔÏó¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊǽ»Ò×ËùµÄÒ»ÖÖ
¾ßÌåÐÎʽ£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÃÀ´´Ù½ø´ó¹æģ֤ȯ½»Ò×µÄʵÏÖ¡£µ«ÊÇÔÚÊг¡¾¼Ã¸ß¶È·¢´ï
µÄÏÖ´úÉç»á£¬´ó¹æÄ£½»Ò׻¾ø·Ç½öÒÔ֤ȯΪ¶ÔÏó£¬Ä³Ð©ÉÌÆ·½»Ò×ͬÑùÒª½è
ÖúÀàËÆÓÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ½»Ò×Êг¡£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂͳһµÄ½»Ò×Ëù¸ÅÄîµÄ³öÏÖ¡£Ò»°ã
À´Ëµ£¬½»Ò×ËùÊÇÖ¸ÒÀ·¨ÉèÁ¢£¬²¢ÓÃÓÚÂòÂôÓмÛ֤ȯµÄÒÀÕÕ±ê×¼ÎïÂòÂôÉÌÆ·µÄ
¸÷ÀàÊг¡¡£°´ÕÕ½»Ò×Ëù½»Ò׻¶ÔÏóµÄ²»Í¬£¬½»Ò×Ëù·ÖΪ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùºÍÉÌÆ·
½»Ò×ËùÁ½ÖÖ¡£ÆäÖУ¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊǽøÐÐÓмÛ֤ȯÂòÂôµÄÊг¡£¬ÉÌÆ·½»Ò×ËùÔò
ÊǽøÐÐijЩÉÌÆ·´ó×Ú½»Ò׵ij¡Ëù¡£
ÓмÛ֤ȯÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×ʱ¾Ö¤È¯£¬ÓëÆÕͨÉÌÆ·£¨°üÀ¨ÒÀÕÕ±ê×¼ÎïÈ·¶¨µÄÉÌÆ·£©
ÔÚ±íÏÖÐÎʽºÍËù·´Ó³µÄȨÀûÊôÐԵȷ½Ãæ¾ù´æÔÚ²î±ð£¬ÕâÒ²Ôڿ͹ÛÉϵ¼ÖÂÁËÓÐ
¼Û֤ȯºÍÆÕͨÉÌÆ·ÔÚ½»Ò×»·½ÚÉϵÄÇø±ð¡£Òò´Ë£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùºÍÉÌÆ·½»Ò×ËùÔÚ
½»Ò׶ÔÏóÉÏÃ÷ÏÔ²»Í¬£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù²»ÄܽøÐÐÉÌÆ·½»Ò×£¬ÉÌÆ·½»Ò×ËùͬÑùÒ²²»
ÄܽøÐÐ֤ȯ½»Òס£
£¨2£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÓµÓй̶¨µÄ½»Ò׳¡Ëù¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊÇ֤ȯ½»Ò×Êг¡µÄ
ÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬µ«ÓëͬÊô֤ȯ½»Ò×Êг¡µÄµêÍ·½»Ò×Êг¡µÈ³¡Íâ½»Ò×Êг¡Ïà±È
½Ï£¬È´ÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÇø±ð¡£³¡Íâ½»Ò×Êг¡¿ÉÒÔ·ºÖ¸³ý֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÍâ½øÐÐ֤ȯ½»Ò×
»î¶¯µÄÊг¡£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔûÓн»Ò×´óÌü£¬Ã»Óн»Ò×¹ñ̨£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔûÓÐÏÖ´ú֤ȯ½»
Ò×Ëù¹ß³£²ÉÓõĵ绰¡¢µçÄÔµÈÉ豸¡£µ«Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÈ´±ØÐë¾ß±¸ÏàÓ¦µÄÎïÖÊÌõ
¼þ¡£ÒÔÂ׶Ø֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùΪÀý£¬¸Ã½»Ò×ËùλÓÚ°ÙÀÏ»ã´ó½ÖºÍ˹³Ī˹¶Ù½ÖÖ®
¼ä£¬ÉèÔÚÂ׶ؽðÈڳǵÄÒ»¶°¡¡
26²ãµÄ´óÂ¥ÄÚ¡£´óÂ¥µ×²ãÊǽ»Ò×´óÌü£¬´óÌüÄÚ
ÉèÓС¡
16¸öÁù½ÇÐÎƽ¶¥½»Ò×̨£¬½»Ò×̨ÅäÓÐÒ»´óÅŵçÄÔÖÕ¶ËÉ豸£¬½»Ò×̨Àï
ÃæµÄ֤ȯÉÌÿÈËÉí±ß¶¼ÓС¡
10Óಿµç»°¡£
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÓй̶¨µÄ³¡ËùºÍÍ걸µÄÉèÊ©£¬²»½öÊÇΪÁ˱£Ö¤Ö¤È¯½»Ò׻
°²È«¡¢ºÏÀíºÍѸ½ÝµØÍê³É£¬¶øÇÒÒ²ÊÇÓйط¨ÂÉÈ硶¹«Ë¾·¨¡·µÄÇ¿ÖÆÐÔÒªÇó¡£
Òò´Ë£¬ÓµÓй̶¨µÄ½»Ò׳¡ËùÊÇ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÕ÷Ö®Ò»¡£
£¨3£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊÇ×éÖ¯»¯µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×Êг¡¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Êг¡Óг¡ÄÚ½»Ò×
Êг¡£¨Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù£©ºÍ³¡Íâ½»Ò×Êг¡Ö®·Ö¡£Á½ÖÖ½»Ò×Êг¡Ëù×ñѵĽ»Ò×¹æÔò
´æÔÚÖØ´ó²î±ð¡£ÀýÈ磬֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùËù×ñѵġ°Ê±¼äÓÅÏÈ¡±¹æÔò¾Í²»ÄÜÊÊÓÃÓÚ
³¡Íâ½»Ò×Êг¡¡£³¡Íâ½»Ò×Êг¡µÄ½»Ò×¹æÔòͨ³£¾ÍÊÇÆÕͨµÄºÏͬ·¨¹æÔò£¬½»Ò×
»î¶¯²Î¼ÓÕßµÄȨÀûÒåÎñ¿ÉÖ±½ÓÒÀÕÕÏ໥´ï³ÉµÄºÏͬȷÁ¢£¬Ã¿Ïî½»Ò׳ɽ»µÄºÏ
ͬÄÚÈÝÒÔ¼°Ç©¶©¶¼»áÓÐËù²î±ð¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄ½»Ò×¹æÔòÈ´ÔÚÏ൱³Ì¶ÈÉÏÇø±ð
ÓÚÒÀÕÕ¡¶ºÏͬ·¨¡·½øÐеÄ֤ȯ½»Òס£Ò»·½Ã棬֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ»î¶¯±ØÐë×ñÊعú
¼ÒͳһȷÁ¢µÄ½»Ò×¹æÔò£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÎÞȨÐ޸Ļò¾Ü²»Ö´Ðз¨¶¨¹æÔò£»ÁíÒ»·½
Ã棬֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ»î¶¯±ØÐë×ñÊØ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù»òÓйØÐÐҵлáÈ·¶¨µÄ¡°×ÔÂɹæ
·¶¡±£¬²»µÃÎ¥·´×ÔÂɹ淶¶ø²ÎÓë֤ȯ½»Ò׻¡£·ñÔò£¬ÐÐΪÈ˽«Êܵ½ÑÏÀ÷µÄ
³Í·£¡£
£¨4£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊÇÒ»ÖÖÌØÊâµÄ·¨ÂÉÖ÷Ì塣֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù×÷Ϊ֤ȯ½»Ò×ÊÐ
³¡µÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬ÎÞÒɾßÓо¼ÃѧÀíÂÛÉÏ¡°Êг¡¡±µÄÒ»°ãÊôÐÔ¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬Ö¤
ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¾ø²»µ¥´¿ÊÇÊг¡µÄÒ»ÖÖ¾ßÌå±íÏÖ·½Ê½£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÌØÊâµÄ·¨ÂÉÖ÷
Ìå¡£ÏÖ´úÎ÷·½¹ú¼ÒÉèÁ¢µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù£¬´ó¶àÊý·Ö±ð²ÉÓù«Ë¾ÖƺͻáÔ±ÖÆÁ½ÖÖ
×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ¡£¸ù¾ÝÎÒ¹ų́Í塶֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù·¨¡·µÚÎåÌõ¹æ¶¨£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù¿É¸ù¾Ý
ÉèÁ¢µØµÄÉÌÒµÇé¿öÒÔ¼°ÂòÂôÎïÆ·µÄÖÖÀ࣬·Ö±ð²ÉÈ¡¹É·ÝÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾ÐÎʽ»òÕßͬ
Òµ¹«Ô±×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ¡£ÎÞÂÛ²ÉÈ¡ÄÄÒ»ÖÖ¾ßÌåµÄ×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù¶¼½«ÔÚ·¨ÂÉ
ÉÏÏíÓÐȨÀûºÍ³Ðµ£ÒåÎñ£¬¾ß±¸×÷Ϊ·¨ÂÉÖ÷ÌåµÄÖ÷ÒªÌØÕ÷£¬²¢ÒÔ·¨ÂÉÖ÷ÌåµÄÉí
·Ý²ÎÓë֤ȯ½»Ò׻¡£ÕýÊÇÓÉÓÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇ·¨ÂÉÖ÷Ì壬Ëü²Å¿ÉÄÜý½é֤ȯ
½»Ò׸÷·½µÄ½»Ò׻£¬²Å¿ÉÄÜÔÚÏ൱³Ì¶ÈÉÏÆðµ½µ÷Õû֤ȯ½»Ò×¹ØϵµÄʵ¼Ê×÷

¼òÑÔÖ®£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊÇÓÐ×éÖ¯µØ½øÐÐ֤ȯ½»Ò׵Ĺ̶¨Êг¡£¬Í¬Ê±¾ßÓо
¼ÃѧºÍ·¨Ñ§ÉϵÄË«ÖØÐÔÖÊ¡£
4¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄ×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇ֤ȯÊг¡µÄºËÐÄ¡£Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÒÔºÎÖÖÐÎʽÉèÁ¢£¬¶ÔÓÚ·¢»Ó
ËüµÄ¹¦ÄÜ×÷ÓÃÊǷdz£ÖØÒªµÄ¡£´ÓÎ÷·½¸÷¹ú֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù´´½¨ÒÔÀ´µÄÀúÊ·ºÍÑݽø
¹ý³Ì¹Û²ì£¬ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ»ù±¾×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ£ºÒ»ÊǹɷÝÖƹ«Ë¾½»Ò×Ëù£¬¾ÍÊÇ°´¹É·ÝÓÐÏÞ
¹«Ë¾×éÖ¯ÐÎʽ³ÉÁ¢µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù£»¶þÊÇ»áÔ±Öƽ»Ò×Ëù£¬¾ÍÊÇÒÔ»áԱлá×éÖ¯
ÐÎʽ³ÉÁ¢µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ÊÀ½çÉ϶àÊý¹ú¼ÒµÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¶¼²ÉÈ¡»áÔ±ÖÆ
µÄµ¥Ò»×éÖ¯½á¹¹£¬ÉÙÊý¹ú¼ÒºÍµØÇøÒ²ÔÊÐí¸ù¾Ý֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ¾ßÌåÇé¿ö£¬·Ö±ð
²ÉÈ¡»áÔ±Öƺ͹«Ë¾ÖÆ×éÖ¯½á¹¹¡£¹«Ë¾ÖƺͻáÔ±ÖÆ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¸÷ÓÐÀû±×£¬ÏÖ·Ö
±ð¼ÓÒÔ½éÉÜ¡£
£¨1£©¹«Ë¾ÖÆ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¡£ÊÇÖ¸ÒÔÓªÀûΪĿµÄ£¬ÎªÖ¤È¯ÉÌÌṩ֤ȯ½»Ò×
ËùÐèµÄ½»Ò׳¡µØ¡¢½»Ò×É豸ºÍ·þÎñÈËÔ±£¬ÒÔ±ãÀû֤ȯÉ̶ÀÁ¢½øÐÐ֤ȯÂòÂôµÄ
֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÐÎʽ¡£
¹«Ë¾ÖÆ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÒ»°ãÊÇ°´ÕÕ¡¶¹«Ë¾·¨¡·ºÍ¡¶Ö¤È¯½»Ò×·¨¡·µÄ¹æ¶¨ÉèÁ¢
µÄ£¬¾ßÓÐÈçÏÂÌص㣺1£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÊǶÀÁ¢µÄ·¨ÂÉÖ÷Ì壬ËäȻ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¿É
ÒÔÓÉ֤ȯÉÌͶ×ÊÐ˰죬µ«ÔÚ·¨ÂÉÉÏÓë֤ȯÉ̵ĵØλÏ໥¶ÀÁ¢¡£2£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×
ËùÊǶÀÁ¢µÄ¾¼ÃʵÌ壬ËüֻΪ֤ȯÉÌ´ÓÊÂ֤ȯ½»Ò׻ÌṩËùÐèµÄÎïÖÊÌõ¼þ
ºÍ·þÎñ£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄÖ°Ô±²»²ÎÓë¾ßÌåµÄ֤ȯ½»Ò׻¡£3£©Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùÓÐ
ȨÏò֤ȯ·¢Ðй«Ë¾Ë÷ȡ֤ȯÉÏÊзѣ¬²¢Ïò֤ȯÉÌÊÕȡ֤ȯ³É½»µÄÆäËû·ÑÓã¬
¾ßÌåÊշѱÈÀý°´ÕÕ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ¹æ¶¨Ö´ÐУ¬Òà¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÈ¡ºÏͬ·½Ê½Ô¼¶¨¡£
ÓÉÓÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÊÇÒÔÏò֤ȯÉÌÌṩ·þÎñΪÖ÷ÒªÒµÎñµÄ¾¼ÃʵÌ壬¹Ê´Ë×é
Ö¯½á¹¹Óë¹É·Ý¹«Ë¾¼«ÆäÀàËÆ£¬Í¨³£¶¼±ØÐëÉèÓйɶ«´ó»á¡¢¶Ê»ᡢ¼àÊ»ᡢ
¶Ê³¤ºÍ×ܾÀíµÈ»ú¹¹¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ÒòΪ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄÌØÊâÒµÎñÒªÇó£¬Æä»ú¹¹Éè
ÖÃÒ²Òª·´Ó³Ö¤È¯½»Ò׻µÄʵ¼ÊÐèÒª£¬³£ÉèÓÐÒµÎñ²¿¡¢²ÆÎñ²¿¡¢Öٲò¿¡¢ÑÐ
¾¿²¿ºÍÎÄÃز¿£¬·Ö±ðÌṩÓë֤ȯ½»Ò×Óйصĸ÷»·½Ú·þÎñ¡£ÆäÖйɶ«´ó»áÊÇÖ¤
ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ×î¸ß¾ö²ß»ú¹¹£¬Ö÷Ҫȷ¶¨Ö¤È¯½»Ò×ËùµÄ³¤ÆÚ·¢Õ¹¹æ»®£¬¾ö¶¨¶ÊÂ
»áÈËÑ¡ÒÔ¼°ÆäËûÓйØÖØ´óÊÂÒË¡£¶Ê»áÊÇ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùµÄ³£Éè»ú¹¹£¬ÆäÖ÷ÒªÖ°
ÔðÊÇÉó¶¨ÖØÒªÒµÎñºÍ²ÆÎñ·½Õ룬ÄⶨԤ¾öËã¼°Ó¯Óà·ÖÅɼƻ®£¬ºË¶¨Ö¤È¯ÉÌÃû
µ¥£¬ºË¶¨ÊÕÈ¡·ÑÓõÄÊý¶î£¬ºËÒé֤ȯ½»Ò×ÈËÔ±µÄ×ʸñ²¢°ìÀíÓйصǼÇÊÖÐø£¬
Éó¶¨Ïò¹É¶«´ó»áÌá³öµÄÒé°¸ºÍ¸÷Ï¸æ£¬¸ß¼¶Ö°Ô±µÄѡƸºÍ½âƸ£¬ÒÔ¼°¾ö¶¨
ÆäËûÒÀÕÕ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÕ³ÌÓ¦Óè¾ö¶¨µÄÊÂÏî¡£¼àʼ°ÆäËù×é³ÉµÄ¼àÊ»ᣬÊÇÓÉ
¹É¶«´ó»áÑ¡¾Ù²úÉúµÄ³£Éè¼à¶½»ú¹¹£¬ÆäÖ÷ÒªÖ°ÔðÊǼල¶Ê»áÖ´Ðйɶ«´ó»á
¾öÒ飬¾ßÌå°üÀ¨Éó²éÄê¶È¾öË㱨¸æ£¬¼à¶½Ö¤È¯½»Ò