雨果 悲惨世界 英文版1-第3部分

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　　You　think　it　very　arrogant　in　a　poor　priest　to　ride　an　animal　which　was　used　by　Jesus　Christ。
　　I　have　done　so　from　necessity；　I　assure　you；　and　not　from　vanity。〃
　　In　the　course　of　these　trips　he　was　kind　and　indulgent；　and　talked　rather　than　preached。
　　He　never　went　far　in　search　of　his　arguments　and　his　examples。
　　He　quoted　to　the　inhabitants　of　one　district　the　example　of　a　neighboring　district。
　　In　the　cantons　where　they　were　harsh　to　the　poor；　he　said：
　　〃Look　at　the　people　of　Briancon！　They　have　conferred　on　the　poor；　on　widows　and　orphans；　the　right　to　have　their　meadows　mown　three　days　in　advance　of　every　one　else。　They　rebuild　their　houses　for　them　gratuitously　when　they　are　ruined。　Therefore　it　is　a　country　which　is　blessed　by　God。
　　For　a　whole　century；　there　has　not　been　a　single　murderer　among　them。〃
　　In　villages　which　were　greedy　for　profit　and　harvest；　he　said：　〃Look　at　the　people　of　Embrun！
　　If；　at　the　harvest　season；　the　father　of　a　family　has　his　son　away　on　service　in　the　army；　and　his　daughters　at　service　in　the　town；　and　if　he　is　ill　and　incapacitated；　the　cure　remends　him　to　the　prayers　of　the　congregation；　and　on　Sunday；　after　the　mass；　all　the　inhabitants　of　the　villagemen；　women；　and　childrengo　to　the　poor　man's　field　and　do　his　harvesting　for　him；　and　carry　his　straw　and　his　grain　to　his　granary。〃　To　families　divided　by　questions　of　money　and　inheritance　he　said：　〃Look　at　the　mountaineers　of　Devolny；　a　country　so　wild　that　the　nightingale　is　not　heard　there　once　in　fifty　years。
　　Well；　when　the　father　of　a　family　dies；　the　boys　go　off　to　seek　their　fortunes；　leaving　the　property　to　the　girls；　so　that　they　may　find　husbands。〃　To　the　cantons　which　had　a　taste　for　lawsuits；　and　where　the　farmers　ruined　themselves　in　stamped　paper；　he　said：
　　〃Look　at　those　good　peasants　in　the　valley　of　Queyras！
　　There　are　three　thousand　souls　of　them。　Mon　Dieu！　it　is　like　a　little　republic。
　　Neither　judge　nor　bailiff　is　known　there。
　　The　mayor　does　everything。
　　He　allots　the　imposts；　taxes　each　person　conscientiously；　judges　quarrels　for　nothing；　divides　inheritances　without　charge；　pronounces　sentences　gratuitously；　and　he　is　obeyed；　because　he　is　a　just　man　among　simple　men。〃　To　villages　where　he　found　no　schoolmaster；　he　quoted　once　more　the　people　of　Queyras：
　　〃Do　you　know　how　they　manage？〃　he　said。
　　〃Since　a　little　country　of　a　dozen　or　fifteen　hearths　cannot　always　support　a　teacher；　they　have　school…masters　who　are　paid　by　the　whole　valley；　who　make　the　round　of　the　villages；　spending　a　week　in　this　one；　ten　days　in　that；　and　instruct　them。
　　These　teachers　go　to　the　fairs。　I　have　seen　them　there。
　　They　are　to　be　recognized　by　the　quill　pens　which　they　wear　in　the　cord　of　their　hat。
　　Those　who　teach　reading　only　have　one　pen；　those　who　teach　reading　and　reckoning　have　two　pens；　those　who　teach　reading；　reckoning；　and　Latin　have　three　pens。
　　But　what　a　disgrace　to　be　ignorant！
　　Do　like　the　people　of　Queyras！〃
　　Thus　he　discoursed　gravely　and　paternally；　in　default　of　examples；　he　invented　parables；　going　directly　to　the　point；　with　few　phrases　and　many　images；　which　characteristic　formed　the　real　eloquence　of　Jesus　Christ。
　　And　being　convinced　himself；　he　was　persuasive。


BOOK　FIRSTA　JUST　MAN
CHAPTER　IV　
　　WORKS　CORRESPONDING　TO　WORDS　
　　　His　conversation　was　gay　and　affable。
　　He　put　himself　on　a　level　with　the　two　old　women　who　had　passed　their　lives　beside　him。　When　he　laughed；　it　was　the　laugh　of　a　schoolboy。
　　Madame　Magloire　liked　to　call　him　Your　Grace　＇Votre　Grandeur＇。　One　day　he　rose　from　his　arm…chair；　and　went　to　his　library　in　search　of　a　book。　This　book　was　on　one　of　the　upper　shelves。
　　As　the　bishop　was　rather　short　of　stature；　he　could　not　reach　it。
　　〃Madame　Magloire；〃　said　he；　〃fetch　me　a　chair。
　　My　greatness　＇grandeur＇　does　not　reach　as　far　as　that　shelf。〃
　　One　of　his　distant　relatives；　Madame　la　tesse　de　Lo；　rarely　allowed　an　opportunity　to　escape　of　enumerating；　in　his　presence；　what　she　designated　as　〃the　expectations〃　of　her　three　sons。　She　had　numerous　relatives；　who　were　very　old　and　near　to　death；　and　of　whom　her　sons　were　the　natural　heirs。
　　The　youngest　of　the　three　was　to　receive　from　a　grand…aunt　a　good　hundred　thousand　livres　of　ine；　the　second　was　the　heir　by　entail　to　the　title　of　the　Duke；　his　uncle；　the　eldest　was　to　succeed　to　the　peerage　of　his　grandfather。
　　The　Bishop　was　accustomed　to　listen　in　silence　to　these　innocent　and　pardonable　maternal　boasts。
　　On　one　occasion；　however；　he　appeared　to　be　more　thoughtful　than　usual；　while　Madame　de　Lo　was　relating　once　again　the　details　of　all　these　inheritances　and　all　these　〃expectations。〃
　　She　interrupted　herself　impatiently：　〃Mon　Dieu；　cousin！
　　What　are　you　thinking　about？〃
　　〃I　am　thinking；〃　replied　the　Bishop；　〃of　a　singular　remark；　which　is　to　be　found；　I　believe；　in　St。　Augustine；‘Place　your　hopes　in　the　man　from　whom　you　do　not　inherit。'〃
　　At　another　time；　on　receiving　a　notification　of　the　decease　of　a　gentleman　of　the　country…side；　wherein　not　only　the　dignities　of　the　dead　man；　but　also　the　feudal　and　noble　qualifications　of　all　his　relatives；　spread　over　an　entire　page：
　　〃What　a　stout　back　Death　has！〃　he　exclaimed。
　　〃What　a　strange　burden　of　titles　is　cheerfully　imposed　on　him；　and　how　much　wit　must　men　have；　in　order　thus　to　press　the　tomb　into　the　service　of　vanity！〃
　　He　was　gifted；　on　occasion；　with　a　gentle　raillery；　which　almost　always　concealed　a　serious　meaning。
　　In　the　course　of　one　Lent；　a　youthful　vicar　came　to　D；　and　preached　in　the　cathedral。　He　was　tolerably　eloquent。
　　The　subject　of　his　sermon　was　charity。　He　urged　the　rich　to　give　to　the　poor；　in　order　to　avoid　hell；　which　he　depicted　in　the　most　frightful　manner　of　which　he　was　capable；　and　to　win　paradise；　which　he　represented　as　charming　and　desirable。　Among　the　audience　there　was　a　wealthy　retired　merchant；　who　was　somewhat　of　a　usurer；　named　M。　Geborand；　who　had　amassed　two　millions　in　the　manufacture　of　coarse　cloth；　serges；　and　woollen　galloons。　Never　in　his　whole　life　had　M。　Geborand　bestowed　alms　on　any　poor　wretch。　After　the　delivery　of　that　sermon；　it　was　observed　that　he　gave　a　sou　every　Sunday　to　the　poor　old　beggar…women　at　the　door　of　the　cathedral。　There　were　six　of　them　to　share　it。
　　One　day　the　Bishop　caught　sight　of　him　in　the　act　of　bestowing　this　charity；　and　said　to　his　sister；　with　a　smile；　〃There　is　M。　Geborand　purchasing　paradise　for　a　sou。〃
　　When　it　was　a　question　of　charity；　he　was　not　to　be　rebuffed　even　by　a　refusal；　and　on　such　occasions　he　gave　utterance　to　remarks　which　induced　reflection。
　　Once　he　was　begging　for　the　poor　in　a　drawing…room　of　the　town；　there　was　present　the　Marquis　de　Champtercier；　a　wealthy　and　avaricious　old　man；　who　contrived　to　be；　at　one　and　the　same　time；　an　ultra…royalist　and　an　ultra…Voltairian。　This　variety　of　man　has　actually　existed。
　　When　the　Bishop　came　to　him；　he　touched　his　arm；　〃You　must　give　me　something；　M。　le　Marquis。〃　The　Marquis　turned　round　and　answered　dryly；　〃I　have　poor　people　of　my　own；　Monseigneur。〃
　　〃Give　them　to　me；〃　replied　the　Bishop。
　　One　day　he　preached　the　following　sermon　in　the　cathedral：
　　　〃My　very　dear　brethren；　my　good　friends；　there　are　thirteen　hundred　and　twenty　thousand　peasants'　dwellings　in　France　which　have　but　three　openings；　eighteen　hundred　and　seventeen　thousand　hovels　which　have　but　two　openings；　the　door　and　one　window；　and　three　hundred　and　forty…six　thousand　cabins　besides　which　have　but　one　opening；　the　door。
　　And　this　arises　from　a　thing　which　is　called　the　tax　on　doors　and　windows。
　　Just　put　poor　families；　old　women　and　little　children；　in　those　buildings；　and　behold　the　fevers　and　maladies　which　result！
　　Alas！
　　God　gives　air　to　men；　the　law　sells　it　to　them。　I　do　not　blame　the　law；　but　I　bless　God。
　　In　the　department　of　the　Isere；　in　the　Var；　in　the　two　departments　of　the　Alpes；　the　Hautes；　and　the　Basses；　the　peasants　have　not　even　wheelbarrows；　they　transport　their　manure　on　the　backs　of　men；　they　have　no　candles；　and　they　burn　resinous　sticks；　and　bits　of　rope　dipped　in　pitch。　That　is　the　state　of　affairs　throughout　the　whole　of　the　hilly　country　of　Dauphine。
　　They　make　bread　for　six　months　at　one　time；　they　bake　it　with　dried　cow…dung。　In　the　winter　they　break　this　bread　up　with　an　axe；　and　they　soak　it　for　twenty…four　hours；　in　order　to　render　it　eatable。
　　My　brethren；　have　pity！　behold　the　suffering　on　all　sides　of　you！〃
　　Born　a　Provencal；　he　easily　familiarized　himself　with　the　dialect　of　the　south。
　　He　said；　〃En　be！　moussu；　ses　sage？〃　as　in　lower　Languedoc；　〃Onte　anaras　passa？〃　as　in　the　Basses…Alpes；　〃Puerte　un　bouen　moutu　embe　un　bouen　fromage　grase；〃　as　in　upper　Dauphine。
　　This　pleased　the　people　extremely；　and　contributed　not　a　little　to　win　him　access　to　all　spirits。
　　He　was　perfectly　at　home　in　the　thatched　cottage　and　in　the　mountains。
　　He　understood　how　to　say　the　grandest　things　in　the　most　vulgar　of　idioms。
　　As　he　spoke　all　tongues；　he　entered　into　all　hearts。
　　Moreover；　he　was　the　same　towards　p